In addition to motorcycle clutch cable and motorcycle throttle cable and other Motorycycle control cables, there is also a very important electrical component on motorcycles. It provide a stable operating voltage throughout the vehicle's electrical equipment. This is a commutator regulator commonly referred to as a "silicon commutator". Rectification is the conversion of AC voltage to DC voltage, and stabilization is the stabilization of the unstable voltage output from the generator within a certain range. It is called a rectifier regulator.
Motorcycle rectifier regulators have gone through several stages since they were manufactured, but to date most motorcycles have used technically flawed clipping short circuit rectifier regulators. With the development of science and technology, the emergence of new technologies and new components, it is possible to improve the performance of rectifier regulators, so we have succeeded in developing and launching a new generation of switching rectifier regulators, and people are beginning to recognize them. It is believed that in the near future it will be possible to completely replace the clipping short circuit rectifier regulator.
Prior to the invention of diodes, motorcycles could only use complex excitation DC generators and mechanical voltage regulation. That is, a relay was used to adjust the size of the excitation current. This is a simple switching voltage adjustment circuit. After the invention of the diode, people tried to use a simpler excitation alternator, at the same time using mechanical voltage regulation, and then gradually replacing it with electronic voltage regulation. This is the pressure regulation method currently used in automobiles.
Why did early motorcycles use complex excitation alternators instead of permanent magnet alternators, which have a simple, compact structure and a very low failure rate? Due to the fixed magnetic field and coil of the permanent magnet alternator, the output voltage and frequency are different from each other. The engine speed changes proportionally and the range is very wide. It is impossible to adjust the output voltage internally by adjusting the excitation current like an excitation alternator. It can only be used to stabilize the voltage after it has been issued. However, since then, low power permanent magnet alternators have been widely used on motorcycles due to their simple construction and low fault rate.
Early permanent magnet AC generators used rectifier regulators without voltage stabilization. There were only four diodes, a full-wave rectifier (such as the XF250) that relied on battery voltage regulation. The alternating current from the generator charges the battery directly via diode bridge rectification. The charging voltage is the output voltage of the generator and varies greatly with speed. The voltage and current far exceed the normal charging voltage and current of the battery. Battery's unique voltage stabilization performance allows you to stabilize the voltage in the right range, but this comes at the expense of battery life (usually one year of damage and battery design life of three years). .. If the battery suddenly comes off while the engine is running, all electrical equipment will burn out immediately, and the voltage stabilization performance of the battery will gradually decrease and the voltage will gradually increase over time, making it easy to use. Burn electrical equipment.
Full-wave charging is prone to overcharging, resulting in half-wave charging, a rectifier with only one diode. Due to the lack of power for half-wave charging at night, the headlights can only be powered directly from AC generators such as the early Suzuki A100 and Honda CG125. There is also a problem with half-wave charging. Since the battery is still overcharged during daytime operation, a bleeder resistor is connected to the lighting line to discharge and heat the current through the resistor to prevent premature damage. For the battery (but you can't use a sealed battery, otherwise it will be very easy to charge). At night, the headlights are slow and dim, and the lights change according to the rotation speed, but there is no lighting effect. Ideal, power is wasted while the lights are still dim.
With the development of science and technology, electronic rectifier regulators have appeared. This type of rectifier voltage ballast employs parallel mode voltage stabilization, or clipping short circuit voltage stabilization. For example, in the 12V model, when the output voltage exceeds 15V, the thyristor turns on, the input current flows through the thyristor to ground, the output voltage does not rise, but the load remains at 15V. Electricity is used to reduce the output voltage, and when it falls below 15V, the thyristor is shut off and the input current is supplied to the load, and the voltage is maintained at 15V. This method has made great strides in voltage stabilization of permanent magnet alternators and has also qualitatively improved motorcycle performance. Both battery life and light brightness were properly controlled with relatively satisfactory results. .. Electronic rectifier regulators are divided into full-wave regulators and half-wave regulators. A full-wave rectifier regulator cuts and stabilizes the positive and negative half-waves at the same time and uses both positive and negative half-wave outputs to power the vehicle and battery. It has enough energy to be used. DC lighting like a car (FXD125, QJ125, King Suzuki, etc.). The half-wave rectifier regulator cuts the negative half-wave for voltage stabilization purposes and uses the positive half-wave output to charge the battery. The AC lighting method (Halma 125, etc.), Jialing 70, AX100) whose brightness changes according to the rotation speed, but the battery is durable. By the way, regardless of whether the power supply of the motorcycle is AC or DC, the power of the generator used is basically the same, but the wiring method is different from the rectifier used. If you want to change the AC power to DC power, just change the rectifier and change the line (except for low power generators). Many cars generate large amounts of power and use improved switching regulator half-wave rectifiers. Also, the idling light is so bright that you don't need to change the DC.
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